Low viscosity hair care composition

ABSTRACT

This invention relates to a foamable concentrated hair care composition comprising an anionic surfactant and a co-surfactant. The hair care composition may further comprise a silicone, wherein the silicone particle size is less than about 10 microns. The hair care composition has a viscosity of from about 1 to about 3,000 cps.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a hair care composition having lowviscosity and method of manufacturing a low viscosity hair carecomposition.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Described herein is a hair care composition that enables new productopportunities and consumer benefits by addressing the currentdisadvantages associated with hair care compositions. It has been foundthat stable concentrated and low viscosity hair care compositions can bedelivered to the hair in various forms including a foamed form. Deliveryof cleansing composition in the form of foam represents an attractiveconsumer concept. Typically, high surfactant liquid cleansingcomposition exhibit high viscosity, which makes it difficult to delivervia a pump foam dispenser, a squeeze foam dispenser or an aerosol foamdispenser. Therefore, delivery as a foam is facilitated by low viscosityconcentrated liquid compositions.

Hair care compositions comprising (a) above about 20% total surfactants,wherein the surfactants comprises of (i) anionic surfactants (ii)amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactants, (iii) optionally nonionicsurfactants; and (b) viscosity reducing agents provide stablecompositions having viscosity below about 3000 centipoise. Viscosityreducing agents can include: Class A materials, Class B materials, watermiscible glycols and mixtures thereof. The composition comprises 1% ormore zwitterionic molecules which possess a hydroxyl group.

In order to deliver consumer acceptable wet conditioning feel, the haircare composition also comprises a cationic polymer. The hair carecomposition is able to deliver low viscosity concentrated liquidcleansing compositions even in the presence of cationic polymers whichtypically raise liquid viscosity. Cationic polymers suitable for useinclude those having a weight average molecular weight less than about1,000,000 g/mol.

Additionally, the hair care composition may further comprise one of morebenefit agent including, but not limited to, silicone materials toenhance the consumer desirable wet and dry conditioning feel. Suitablesilicone materials include those silicone emulsions having a particlesize of less than about 10 micrometers. Silicones less suitable for useinclude non-emulsified silicones and/or large particle siliconeemulsions which may result in a phase unstable composition.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a hair care composition comprising greater thanabout 20% by weight of a surfactant system comprising: from about 10% toabout 40% of one or more anionic surfactants; from about 1% to about 15%of one or more co-surfactants selected from the group consisting ofamphoteric, zwitterionic, nonionic and mixtures thereof; wherein about1% or more are zwitterionic surfactants which possess a hydroxyl groupin their molecular structure; from about 0.1% to about 35% by weight ofone or more viscosity reducing agents; from about 0.05% to about 1% byweight of one or more cationic polymers with a weight average molecularweight of less than about 1,000,000 g/mol; wherein the hair carecomposition has a viscosity of from about 1 centipoise to about 3,000centipoise.

The hair care composition described above wherein the viscosity reducingagent is selected from the group consisting of Class A materials, ClassB materials, water miscible solvents and mixtures thereof. The viscosityreducing agent can be selected from water miscible solvents and whereinthe viscosity reducing agent can be included at from about 0.1% to about35% by weight, alternatively at from about 2% to about 30% by weight,alternatively at from about 4% to about 25% by weight. The hair carecomposition described above can include glycol as one of the watermiscible solvents. The glycol can be selected from propylene glycol,dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, and glycerin. They glycolselected can be dipropylene glycol.

The hair care composition described above can include a anionicsurfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium laureth sulfate(where R is C₁₂ alkyl and M⁺ is Na⁺, n=1-3), ammonium laureth sulfate(where R is C₁₂ alkyl, M⁺ is NH₃ ⁺, n=1-3), sodium trideceth sulfate(where R is C₁₃ alkyl, M⁺ is Na⁺, and n=1-4); and mixtures thereof. Thehair care composition of can be dispensed as a foam. The foam can have adensity of from about 0.025 g/cm³ to about 0.30 g/cm³; alternativelyfrom about 0.05 g/cm³ to about 0.20 g/cm³; alternatively from about0.075 g/cm³ to about 0.15 g/cm³. The foam can be dispensed as an aerosolfoam and comprise from about 1% to about 10% by weight of a propellant.

The hair care composition as described above can have a co-surfactantsselected from the group consisting of cocamidopropyl betaine,lauramidopropyl betaine, cocamide monoethanolamine, laurylhydroxysultaine, sodium lauroamphoacetate, and mixtures thereof. Thelauramidopropyl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine and sodiumlauroamphoacetate can have a C12 chain length of from about 80% to about100%; alternatively the lauramidopropyl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaineand sodium lauroamphoacetate have a C12 chain length of from about 85%to about 100%; alternatively the lauramidopropyl betaine, laurylhydroxysultaine and sodium lauroamphoacetate can have a C12 chain lengthof from about 90% to about 100%; alternatively the lauramidopropylbetaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine and sodium lauroamphoacetate can have aC12 chain length of from about 95% to about 100%; alternatively thelauramidopropyl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine and sodiumlauroamphoacetate have a C12 chain length of from about 97% to about99%.

The hair care composition described above wherein the anionic surfactantis sodium laureth sulfate with an average of one mole ethoxylate.

The hair care composition described above further comprising from 0.01to about 4% of one or more silicone emulsion, wherein said silicone hasa particle size less than about 10 micrometers. The silicone emulsioncan be selected from the group consisting of dimethiconol/dimethicone,silicone quaternium-22, silicone quaternium-17, silicone quaternium-80micro-emulsion, and mixtures thereof.

The hair care composition described above, wherein the cationic polymersare selected from the group consisting of guar hydroxypropyl trimoniumchloride; Polyquaternium-10, and Polyquaterinum-6. The cationic polymercan have a weight average molecular weight of less than about 1.0million g/mol and greater than about 50,000 g/mol, alternatively lessthan about 900,000 g/mol, alternatively less than about 800,000 g/mol.

The hair care composition described above wherein the viscosity is fromabout 1 to about 2,500 cps, alternatively from about 1 to about 2,000cps.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing outand distinctly claiming the invention, it is believed that the presentinvention will be better understood from the following description.

As used herein, the term “fluid” includes liquids and gels.

As used herein, the articles including “a” and “an” when used in aclaim, are understood to mean one or more of what is claimed ordescribed.

As used herein, “comprising” means that other steps and otheringredients which do not affect the end result can be added. This termencompasses the terms “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of”.

As used herein, “mixtures” is meant to include a simple combination ofmaterials and any compounds that may result from their combination.

As used herein, “molecular weight” or “Molecular weight” refers to theweight average molecular weight unless otherwise stated. Molecularweight is measured using industry standard method, gel permeationchromatography (“GPC”).

As used herein, “personal care compositions” includes products such asshampoos, shower gels, liquid hand cleansers, hair colorants, facialcleansers, and other surfactant-based liquid compositions As usedherein, the terms “include,” “includes,” and “including,” are meant tobe non-limiting and are understood to mean “comprise,” “comprises,” and“comprising,” respectively.

All percentages, parts and ratios are based upon the total weight of thecompositions of the present invention, unless otherwise specified. Allsuch weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are based on theactive level and, therefore, do not include carriers or by-products thatmay be included in commercially available materials.

Unless otherwise noted, all component or composition levels are inreference to the active portion of that component or composition, andare exclusive of impurities, for example, residual solvents orby-products, which may be present in commercially available sources ofsuch components or compositions.

It should be understood that every maximum numerical limitation giventhroughout this specification includes every lower numerical limitation,as if such lower numerical limitations were expressly written herein.Every minimum numerical limitation given throughout this specificationwill include every higher numerical limitation, as if such highernumerical limitations were expressly written herein. Every numericalrange given throughout this specification will include every narrowernumerical range that falls within such broader numerical range, as ifsuch narrower numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.

Where amount ranges are given, these are to be understood as being thetotal amount of said ingredient in the composition, or where more thanone species fall within the scope of the ingredient definition, thetotal amount of all ingredients fitting that definition, in thecomposition.

For example, if the composition comprises from 1% to 5% fatty alcohol,then a composition comprising 2% stearyl alcohol and 1% cetyl alcoholand no other fatty alcohol, would fall within this scope.

The amount of each particular ingredient or mixtures thereof describedhereinafter can account for up to 100% (or 100%) of the total amount ofthe ingredient(s) in the hair care composition.

Hair Care Composition

The hair care composition comprises i) above about 20% by weight of asurfactant mixture of which at least 1% or more are zwitterionicsurfactants which possess a hydroxyl group along with both positive andnegative charges within the same molecule, ii) viscosity reducing agents(at a concentration above about 4%) ii) a cationic polymer and iv) mayfurther comprise a silicone and optional ingredients. The hair carecomposition can be delivered in the form of a foam.

Delivery of cleansing composition in the form of foam represents anattractive consumer concept. Having a low density foam allows for a highconcentration of surfactant to deliver sufficient amount of detersivesurfactant for each use. Typically, high surfactant liquid cleansingcomposition exhibits high viscosity, which makes it difficult to deliverwith a typical pump foam dispenser or a typical aerosol foam dispenser.Therefore, delivery of a shampoo via foam requires very low viscosityconcentrated liquid cleansing compositions. The resulting compositionhas a viscosity below about 3000 cps.

A. Detersive Surfactant

The hair care composition may comprise greater than about 20% by weightof a surfactant system which provides cleaning performance to thecomposition. The surfactant system comprises an anionic surfactantand/or a combination of anionic surfactants, with a co-surfactantselected from the group consisting of amphoteric, zwitterionic, nonionicand mixtures thereof. The surfactant system may comprise at 1% or moreof the surfactants are zwitterionic surfactants which possess a hydroxylgroup in their molecular structure. Various examples and descriptions ofdetersive surfactants are set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 8,440,605; U.S.Patent Application Publication No. 2009/155383; and U.S. PatentApplication Publication No. 2009/0221463, which are incorporated hereinby reference in their entirety.

The hair care composition may comprise from about 10% to about 40%, fromabout 15% to about 36%, from about 18% to about 32%, and/or from about20% to about 28% by weight of one or more anionic surfactants.

Suitable anionic detersive surfactant components for use in thecomposition herein include those which are known for use in hair care orother personal care shampoo compositions. The anionic detersivesurfactant may be a combination of sodium lauryl sulfate and sodiumlaureth-n sulfate. Alternatively, the anionic detersive surfactant canbe sodium laureth sulfate with an average of one mole ethoxylate. Theconcentration of the anionic surfactant component in the compositionshould be sufficient to provide the desired cleaning and latherperformance

Anionic surfactants suitable for use herein include alkyl sulfates andalkyl ether sulfates of the formula ROSO₃M and RO(C₂H₄O)_(x)SO₃M,wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms,x is 1 to 10, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium,potassium, and triethanolamine cation or salts of the divalent magnesiumion with two anionic surfactant anions. The alkyl ether sulfates may bemade as condensation products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcoholshaving from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms. The alcohols can bederived from fats such as coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, ortallow, or can be synthetic.

TABLE 1 Examples of Typical Alkyl Sulfates and Alky Ether Sulfates SLESurfactant Supplier Activity SLS SLE1S SLE2S SLE3S >3S Sodium Stepan 29%by 100 0 0 0 0 Lauryl STEOL weight Sulfate SLS Sodium Stepan 26% by 45.526.3 11.8 0.07 16.33 Laureth-1 STEOL weight Sulfate SLES-1 Sodium Stepan28% by 18 16.7 12.6 12.4 40.30 Laureth-3 STEOL weight Sulfate SLES-3

The composition of the present invention can also include anionicsurfactants selected from the group consisting of:

a) R₁O(CH₂CHR₃₀)_(y)SO₃M;

b) CH₃(CH₂)CHR₂CH₂O(CH₂CHR₃₀)_(z)SO₃M; and

c) mixtures thereof,

where R₁ represents CH₃(CH₂)₁₀, R₂ represents H or a hydrocarbon radicalcomprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms such that the sum of the carbon atoms inz and R₂ is 8, R₃ is H or CH₃, y is to 7, the average value of y isabout 1 when y is not zero (0), and M is a monovalent or divalent,positively-charged cation.

The composition can also include anionic alkyl sulfates and alkyl ethersulfate surfactants having branched alkyl chains which are synthesizedfrom C8 to C18 branched alcohols which may be selected from: Guerbetalcohols, aldol condensation derived alcohols, oxo alcohols and mixturesthereof. Non-limiting examples of the 2-alkyl branched alcohols includeoxo alcohols such as 2-methyl-1-undecanol, 2-ethyl-1-decanol,2-propyl-1-nonanol, 2-butyl 1-octanol, 2-methyl-1-dodecanol,2-ethyl-1-undecanol, 2-propyl-1-decanol, 2-butyl-1-nonanol,2-pentyl-1-octanol, 2-pentyl-1-heptanol, and those sold under thetradenames LIAL® (Sasol), ISALCHEM® (Sasol), and NEODOL® (Shell), andGuerbet and aldol condensation derived alcohols such as2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-propyl-1-butanol, 2-butyl-1-octanol,2-butyl-1-decanol, 2-pentyl-1-nonanol, 2-hexyl-1-octanol,2-hexyl-1-decanol and those sold under the tradename ISOFOL® (Sasol) orsold as alcohol ethoxylates and alkoxylates under the tradenamesLUTENSOL XP® (BASF) and LUTENSOL XL® (BASF).

The anionic alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates may also includethose synthesized from C8 to C18 branched alcohols derived from butyleneor propylene which are sold under the trade names EXXAL™ (Exxon) andMarlipal® (Sasol). This includes anionic surfactants of the subclass ofsodium trideceth-n sulfates (STnS), where n is between about 0.5 andabout 3.5. Exemplary surfactants of this subclass are sodium trideceth-2sulfates and sodium trideceth-3 sulfates. The composition can alsoinclude sodium tridecyl sulfate.

Some Non-Limiting Examples of Surfactants are:

Alkyl Sulfates

-   -   where R is C₈-C₂₄ alkyl (linear or branched, saturated or        unsaturated) or mixtures thereof and M⁺ is monovalent cation.        Examples include Sodium lauryl sulfate (where R is C₁₂ alkyl and        M⁺ is Na⁺), ammonium lauryl sulfate (where R is C₁₂ alkyl and M⁺        is NH₃ ⁺), and sodium coco-sulfate (where R is coconut alkyl and        M⁺ is Na⁺);

Alkyl Ether Sulfates

-   -   where R is C₈-C₂₄ alkyl (linear or branched, saturated or        unsaturated) or mixtures thereof, n=1-12, and M⁺ is monovalent        cation. Examples include sodium laureth sulfate (where R is C₁₂        alkyl and M⁺ is Na⁺, n=1-3), ammonium laureth sulfate (where R        is C₁₂ alkyl, M⁺ is NH₃ ⁺, n=1-3), and Sodium trideceth sulfate        (where R is C₁₃ alkyl, M⁺ is Na⁺, and n=1-4);

Some Non-Limiting Examples of Sulfonate Surfactants are:

Alkyl Glyceryl Ether Sulfonates:

where R═C₈-C₂₄ alkyl (linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated) ormixtures thereof and M⁺=monovalent cation, such as Sodium CocoglycerylEther Sulfonate (R=coco alkyl, M⁺═Na⁺);

Alpha olefin sulfonates prepared by sulfonation of long chain alphaolefins. Alpha olefin sulfonates consist of mixtures of alkenesulfonates,

where R═C₈-C₁₈ alkyl or mixtures thereof and M⁺=monovalent cation;

Hydroxyalkyl Sulfonates.

where R═C₄-C₁₈ alkyl or mixtures thereof and M⁺=monovalent cation.Examples include Sodium C12-14 Olefin Sulfonate (R═C₈-C₁₀ alkyl, M⁺═Na⁺)and Sodium C14-16 Olefin Sulfonate (R═C₁₀-C₁₂ alkyl, M⁺═Na⁺).

Examples of additional anionic surfactants suitable for use hereininclude, but are not limited to, ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammoniumlaureth sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine laurethsulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine laurethsulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine laurethsulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine laureth sulfate,lauric monoglyceride sodium sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodiumlaureth sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate,sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammoniumcocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodiumlauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate,monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, sodium trideceth-1 sulfate, sulfate,sodium trideceth-2 sulfate, sulfate, sodium trideceth-3 sulfate, sodiumtridecyl sulfate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl cocoyltaurate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodiumlaurethsulfosuccinate, sodium laurylsulfosuccinate, sodium tridecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and mixturesthereof.

The hair care composition comprises from about 1% to about 15%, fromabout 2% to about 14%, from about 3% to about 13% by weight of one ormore co-surfactants selected from the group consisting of amphotericsurfactant, zwitterionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant and mixturesthereof. However, of the co-surfactants, at least about 1% arezwitterionic molecules which possess a hydroxyl group along withpositive and negative charges within the same molecule.

The suitable zwitterionic co-surfactants possess a hydroxyl group intheir molecular structure are:

Alkyl Hydroxysultains

-   -   where R is alkyl group with C_(8 to) C₂₄ carbon chain (saturated        or unsaturated) or mixture thereof. Examples include lauryl        hydroxysultaine (where R is lauryl; C₁₂H₂₅) and        coco-hydroxysultaine (where R is coco alkyl).

Alkylamidoalkyl Hydroxysultaines:

-   -   where RCO═C₆-C₂₄ acyl (saturated or unsaturated) or mixtures        thereof. Examples include Cocamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine        (RCO=coco acyl, x=3), Lauramidopropyl Hydroxysultaine        (RCO=lauroyl, and x=3), Myristamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine        (RCO=myristoyl, and x=3), and Oleamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine        (RCO=oleoyl, and x=3).

Alkyl Amphoacetates

-   -   where R is alkyl group with C₆ to C₂₄ carbon chain (saturated or        unsaturated) or mixtures thereof and M⁺ is monovalent cation.        Examples include sodium lauroamphoacetate (where R is lauryl and        M⁺ is Na⁺) and sodium cocoamphoacetate (where R is coco and M⁺        is Na⁺).

Alkyl Amphopropionates

-   -   where RCO═C₆-C₂₄ acyl (saturated or unsaturated) or mixtures        thereof and M⁺=monovalent cation. Examples include Sodium        Lauroamphopropionate (RCO=lauroyl and M⁺=Na⁺) and Sodium        Cocoamphopropionate (RCO=coco acyl and M⁺=Na⁺).

Alkyl amphohydroxypropylsulfonates:

where RCO═C₆-C₂₄ acyl (saturated or unsaturated) or mixtures thereof andM⁺═monovalent cation, Examples include SodiumLauroamphohydroxypropylsulfonate (RCO=lauroyl and M⁺=Na⁺) and SodiumCocoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate (RCO=coco acyl and M⁺=Na⁺).

Alkyl Phosphobetaines:

-   -   where R═C₆-C₂₄ alkyl (saturated or unsaturated) or mixtures        thereof and M⁺=monovalentcation, such as Sodium Coco PG-Dimonium        Chloride Phosphate, where R=coco alkyl and M⁺=Na⁺

Amphohydroxyalkylphosphates of the Formula:

Suitable amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants for use in the hair carecomposition herein include those which are known for use in shampoo orother hair care cleansing. Non limiting examples of suitablezwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants are described in U.S. Pat. Nos.5,104,646 and 5,106,609, which are incorporated herein by reference intheir entirety.

Suitable zwitterionic surfactants can be selected from the groupconsisting of lauryl hydroxysultaine (where R is lauryl, C₁₂H₂₅) andcoco-hydroxysultaine (where R is coco alkyl) and mixtures thereof.Suitable hydroxyl group containing zwitterionic surfactants can beselected from the group consisting of sodium lauroamphoacetate (where Ris lauryl and M⁺ is Na⁺), sodium cocoamphoacetate (where R is coco acyland M⁺ is Na⁺), and mixtures thereof. Alternatively the hydroxyl groupcontaining zwitterionic surfactants can be selected from the groupconsisting of Sodium Lauroamphopropionate (RCO=lauroyl and M⁺=Na⁺) andSodium Cocoamphopropionate (RCO=coco acyl and M⁺=Na⁺). Alternatively,the hydroxyl group containing zwitterionic surfactants can be selectedfrom the group consisting of Sodium Coco PG-Dimonium Chloride Phosphate,where R=coco alkyl and M⁺=Na⁺. Alternatively, the hydroxyl groupcontaining zwitterionic surfactants can be selected from SodiumLauroampho PG-Acetate Phosphate (RCO=lauroyl and M⁺=Na⁺).

Amphoteric co-surfactants suitable for use in the composition includethose surfactants described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary andtertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical can be straight orbranched chain and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents containsfrom about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic groupsuch as carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Suitableamphoteric surfactant include, but are not limited to, those selectedfrom the group consisting of: sodium cocaminopropionate, sodiumcocaminodipropionate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodiumcocoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, sodium cocoamphopropionate, sodiumcornamphopropionate, sodium lauraminopropionate, sodiumlauroamphoacetate, sodium lauroamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, sodiumlauroamphopropionate, sodium cornamphopropionate, sodiumlauriminodipropionate, ammonium cocaminopropionate, ammoniumcocaminodipropionate, ammonium cocoamphoacetate, ammoniumcocoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, ammonium cocoamphopropionate, ammoniumcornamphopropionate, ammonium lauraminopropionate, ammoniumlauroamphoacetate, ammonium lauroamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, ammoniumlauroamphopropionate, ammonium cornamphopropionate, ammoniumlauriminodipropionate, triethanonlamine cocaminopropionate,triethanonlamine cocaminodipropionate, triethanonlaminecocoamphoacetate, triethanonlamine cocoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate,triethanonlamine cocoamphopropionate, triethanonlaminecornamphopropionate, triethanonlamine lauraminopropionate,triethanonlamine lauroamphoacetate, triethanonlaminelauroamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, triethanonlamine lauroamphopropionate,triethanonlamine cornamphopropionate, triethanonlaminelauriminodipropionate, cocoamphodipropionic acid, disodiumcaproamphodiacetate, disodium caproamphoadipropionate, disodiumcapryloamphodiacetate, disodium capryloamphodipriopionate, disodiumcocoamphocarboxyethylhydroxypropylsulfonate, disodiumcocoamphodiacetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, disodiumdicarboxyethylcocopropylenediamine, disodium laureth-5carboxyamphodiacetate, disodium lauriminodipropionate, disodiumlauroamphodiacetate, disodium lauroamphodipropionate, disodiumoleoamphodipropionate, disodium PPG-2-isodecethyl-7carboxyamphodiacetate, lauraminopropionic acid, lauroamphodipropionicacid, lauryl aminopropylglycine, lauryl diethylenediaminoglycine, andmixtures thereof

The amphoteric co-surfactant can be a surfactant according to thefollowing structure:

wherein R12 is a C-linked monovalent substituent selected from the groupconsisting of substituted alkyl systems comprising 9 to 15 carbon atoms,unsubstituted alkyl systems comprising 9 to 15 carbon atoms, straightalkyl systems comprising 9 to 15 carbon atoms, branched alkyl systemscomprising 9 to 15 carbon atoms, and unsaturated alkyl systemscomprising 9 to 15 carbon atoms; R13, R14, and R15 are eachindependently selected from the group consisting of C-linked divalentstraight alkyl systems comprising 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and C-linkeddivalent branched alkyl systems comprising 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and M+is a monovalent counterion selected from the group consisting of sodium,ammonium and protonated triethanolamine. The amphoteric surfactant maybe selected from the group consisting of: sodium cocoamphoacetate,sodium cocoamphodiacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodiumlauroamphodiacetate, ammonium lauroamphoacetate, ammoniumcocoamphoacetate, triethanolamine lauroamphoacetate, triethanolaminecocoamphoacetate, and mixtures thereof.

The composition may comprises a zwitterionic co-surfactant, wherein thezwitterionic surfactant is a derivative of aliphatic quaternaryammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphaticradicals can be straight or branched chain, and wherein one of thealiphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atomsand one contains an anionic group such as carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate,phosphate or phosphonate. The zwitterionic surfactant can be selectedfrom the group consisting of: cocamidoethyl betaine, cocamidopropylamineoxide, cocamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl dimethylaminohydroxypropylhydrolyzed collagen, cocamidopropyldimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzedcollagen, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, cocobetaineamidoamphopropionate, coco-betaine, coco-hydroxysultaine, coco/oleamidopropylbetaine, coco-sultaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, lauryl betaine, laurylhydroxysultaine, lauryl sultaine, and mixtures thereof. A suitablezwitterionic surfactant is lauryl hydroxysultaine. The zwitterionicsurfactant can be selected from the group consisting of: laurylhydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, coco-betaine,coco-hydroxysultaine, coco-sultaine, lauryl betaine, lauryl sultaine,and mixtures thereof.

The co-surfactant can be a zwitterionic surfactant, wherein thezwitterionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: laurylhydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, coco-betaine,coco-hydroxysultaine, coco-sultaine, lauryl betaine, lauryl sultaine,and mixtures thereof.

The co-surfactant can be a non-ionic surfactant selected from the groupconsisting of: Cocamide, Cocamide Methyl MEA, Cocamide DEA, CocamideMEA, Cocamide MIPA, Lauramide DEA, Lauramide MEA, Lauramide MIPA,Myristamide DEA, Myristamide MEA, PEG-20 Cocamide MEA, PEG-2 Cocamide,PEG-3 Cocamide, PEG-4 Cocamide, PEG-5 Cocamide, PEG-6 Cocamide, PEG-7Cocamide, PEG-3 Lauramide, PEG-5 Lauramide, PEG-3 Oleamide, PPG-2Cocamide, PPG-2 Hydroxyethyl Cocamide, and mixtures thereof.

Non limiting examples of other anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric, andnon-ionic additional surfactants suitable for use in the hair carecomposition are described in McCutcheon's, Emulsifiers and Detergents,1989 Annual, published by M. C. Publishing Co., and U.S. Pat. Nos.3,929,678, 2,658,072; 2,438,091; 2,528,378, which are incorporatedherein by reference in their entirety.

Suitable amphoteric/zwitterionic or nonionic co-surfactants can beselected from the group consisting of:

Alkyl Betaines

-   -   where R is C₈-C₂₄ alkyl (saturated or unsaturated) or mixtures        thereof. Examples include coco-betaine (where R is coco alkyl),        lauryl betaine (where R is lauryl, C₁₂H₂₅), and oleyl betaine        (where R is oleyl, C₁₈H₃₅),

Alkanolamide:

-   -   wherein: R³ is C₅-C₂₄ saturated or unsaturated, straight chain        or branched aliphatic group, R⁴ and R⁵ are the same or        different, C₂-C₄ straight chain or branched aliphatic groups, x        is an integer from 0 to 10, y is an integer from 1 to 10, and        the sum of x and y is less than or equal to 10,

Alkyl Hydroxysultains

-   -   where R is C₈-C₂₄ alkyl (saturated or unsaturated) or mixture        thereof. Examples include lauryl hydroxysultaine (where R is        lauryl, C₁₂H₂₅) and coco-hydroxysultaine (where R is coco        alkyl),

Alkyl Amphoacetates

-   -   where R is C₆-C₂₄ alkyl (saturated or unsaturated) or mixtures        thereof and M⁺ is monovalent cation. Examples include sodium        lauroamphoacetate (where R is lauryl and M⁺ is Na⁺), sodium        cocoamphoacetate (where R is coco acyl and M⁺ is Na⁺)        and mixtures thereof.

Suitable co-surfactants can be selected from the group consisting ofcocamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, cocamidemonoethanolamine, lauryl hydroxysultaine and sodium lauroamphoacetate,and mixtures thereof.

The co-surfactant can be selected from amphoteric or zwitterionicsurfactants synthesized from lauric acid including, but not limited to,lauramidopropyl betaine, lauryl Hydroxysultaine, and sodiumlauroamphoacetate and having a chain length distribution wherein the C12chain length averages from about 80% to about 100%, alternatively fromabout 85% to about 100%, alternatively from about 90% to about 100%,alternatively from about 95% to about 100%, and alternatively from about97% to about 100% of the total molecular chain length distribution.

The hair care composition can comprise from about 2% to about 14%,alternatively from about 3% to about 12% by weight of the hair carecomposition, of a zwitterionic surfactant which has a hydroxyl group inthe molecular structure.

B. Cationic Polymers

The hair care composition also comprises a cationic polymer. Thesecationic polymers can include at least one of (a) a cationic guarpolymer, (b) a cationic non-guar galactomannan polymer, (c) a cationictapioca polymer, (d) a cationic copolymer of acrylamide monomers andcationic monomers, and/or (e) a synthetic, non-crosslinked, cationicpolymer, which may or may not form lyotropic liquid crystals uponcombination with the detersive surfactant (f) a cationic cellulosepolymer. Additionally, the cationic polymer can be a mixture of cationicpolymers.

The hair care composition may comprise a cationic guar polymer, which isa cationically substituted galactomannan (guar) gum derivatives. Guargum for use in preparing these guar gum derivatives is typicallyobtained as a naturally occurring material from the seeds of the guarplant. The guar molecule itself is a straight chain mannan, which isbranched at regular intervals with single membered galactose units onalternative mannose units. The mannose units are linked to each other bymeans of β(1-4) glycosidic linkages. The galactose branching arises byway of an α(1-6) linkage. Cationic derivatives of the guar gums areobtained by reaction between the hydroxyl groups of thepolygalactomannan and reactive quaternary ammonium compounds. The degreeof substitution of the cationic groups onto the guar structure should besufficient to provide the requisite cationic charge density describedabove.

The cationic polymer, may including but is not limited to a cationicguar polymer, having a molecular weight of less than 1.0 million g/mol,or from about 10 thousand to about 1 million g/mol, or from about 25thousand to about 1 million g/mol, or from about 50 thousand to about 1million g/mol, or from about 100 thousand to about 1 million g/mol. Thecationic guar polymer has a charge density of from about 0.2 to about2.2 meq/g, or from about 0.3 to about 2.0 meq/g, or from about 0.4 toabout 1.8 meq/g; or from about 0.5 meq/g to about 1.7 meq/g.

The cationic guar polymer may have a weight average molecular weight ofless than about 1.0 million g/mol, and a charge density of from about0.1 meq/g to about 2.5 meq/g. The cationic guar polymer may have aweight average molecular weight of less than 950 thousand g/mol, or fromabout 10 thousand to about 900 thousand g/mol, or from about 25 thousandto about 900 thousand g/mol, or from about 50 thousand to about 900thousand g/mol, or from about 100 thousand to about 900 thousand g/mol.from about 150 thousand to about 800 thousand g/mol. The cationic guarpolymer may have a charge density of from about 0.2 to about 2.2 meq/g,or from about 0.3 to about 2.0 meq/g, or from about 0.4 to about 1.8meq/g; or from about 0.5 meq/g to about 1.5 meq/g.

The hair care composition can comprise from about 0.05% to less thanabout 1%, from about 0.05% to about 0.9%, from about 0.1% to about 0.8%,or from about 0.2% to about 0.7% of cationic polymer (a), by totalweight of the composition.

The cationic guar polymer may be formed from quaternary ammoniumcompounds. The quaternary ammonium compounds for forming the cationicguar polymer can conform to the general formula 1:

wherein where R³, R⁴ and R⁵ are methyl or ethyl groups; R⁶ is either anepoxyalkyl group of the general formula 2:

or R⁶ is a halohydrin group of the general formula 3:

wherein R⁷ is a C₁ to C₃ alkylene; X is chlorine or bromine, and Z is ananion such as Cl—, Br—, I— or HSO₄—.

The cationic guar polymer can conforms to the general formula 4:

wherein R⁸ is guar gum; and wherein R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R⁷ are as definedabove; and wherein Z is a halogen. The cationic guar polymer can conformto Formula 5:

Suitable cationic guar polymers include cationic guar gum derivatives,such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. The cationic guar polymeris a guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. Specific examples of guarhydroxypropyltrimonium chlorides include the Jaguar® series commerciallyavailable from Rhone-Poulenc Incorporated, for example Jaguar® C-500,commercially available from Rhodia. Jaguar® C-500 has a charge densityof 0.8 meq/g and a molecular weight of 500,000 g/mol. Other suitableguar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride are: guar hydroxypropyltrimoniumchloride which has a charge density of about 1.1 meq/g and a molecularweight of about 500,000 g/mol is available from ASI, a charge density ofabout 1.5 meq/g and a molecular weight of about 500,000 g/mole isavailable from ASI. Other suitable guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chlorideare: Hi-Care 1000, which has a charge density of about 0.7 meq/g and aMolecular weight of about 600,000 g/mole and is available from Rhodia;N-Hance 3269 and N-Hance 3270, which has a charge density of about 0.7meq/g and a molecular weight of about 425,000 g/mol and is availablefrom ASIAquaCat CG518 has a charge density of about 0.9 meq/g and aMolecular weight of about 50,000 g/mol and is available from ASI. BF-13,which is a borate (boron) free guar of charge density of about 1.1 meq/gand molecular weight of about 800,000 and BF-17, which is a borate(boron) free guar of charge density of about 1.7 meq/g and M. W.t ofabout 800,000 both available from ASI.

The hair care compositions may comprise a galactomannan polymerderivative having a mannose to galactose ratio of greater than 2:1 on amonomer to monomer basis, the galactomannan polymer derivative selectedfrom the group consisting of a cationic galactomannan polymer derivativeand an amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivative having a net positivecharge. As used herein, the term “cationic galactomannan” refers to agalactomannan polymer to which a cationic group is added. The term“amphoteric galactomannan” refers to a galactomannan polymer to which acationic group and an anionic group are added such that the polymer hasa net positive charge.

Galactomannan polymers are present in the endosperm of seeds of theLeguminosae family Galactomannan polymers are made up of a combinationof mannose monomers and galactose monomers. The galactomannan moleculeis a straight chain mannan branched at regular intervals with singlemembered galactose units on specific mannose units. The mannose unitsare linked to each other by means of β (1-4) glycosidic linkages. Thegalactose branching arises by way of an α (1-6) linkage. The ratio ofmannose monomers to galactose monomers varies according to the speciesof the plant and also is affected by climate. Non Guar Galactomannanpolymer derivatives suitable for use can have a ratio of mannose togalactose of greater than 2:1 on a monomer to monomer basis. Suitableratios of mannose to galactose can be greater than about 3:1, and theratio of mannose to galactose can be greater than about 4:1. Analysis ofmannose to galactose ratios is well known in the art and is typicallybased on the measurement of the galactose content.

The gum for use in preparing the non-guar galactomannan polymerderivatives is typically obtained as naturally occurring material suchas seeds or beans from plants. Examples of various non-guargalactomannan polymers include but are not limited to Tara gum (3 partsmannose/1 part galactose), Locust bean or Carob (4 parts mannose/1 partgalactose), and Cassia gum (5 parts mannose/1 part galactose).

The non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives can have a M. Wt. fromabout 1,000 to about 1,000,000, and/or form about 5,000 to about900,000.

The hair care compositions of the can also include galactomannan polymerderivatives which have a cationic charge density from about 0.5 meq/g toabout 7 meq/g., The galactomannan polymer derivatives can have acationic charge density from about 1 meq/g to about 5 meq/g. The degreeof substitution of the cationic groups onto the galactomannan structureshould be sufficient to provide the requisite cationic charge density.

The galactomannan polymer derivative can be a cationic derivative of thenon-guar galactomannan polymer, which is obtained by reaction betweenthe hydroxyl groups of the polygalactomannan polymer and reactivequaternary ammonium compounds. Suitable quaternary ammonium compoundsfor use in forming the cationic galactomannan polymer derivativesinclude those conforming to the general formulas 1-5, as defined above.

Cationic non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives formed from thereagents described above are represented by the general formula 6:

wherein R is the gum. The cationic galactomannan derivative can be a gumhydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, which can be more specificallyrepresented by the general formula 7:

Alternatively the galactomannan polymer derivative can be an amphotericgalactomannan polymer derivative having a net positive charge, obtainedwhen the cationic galactomannan polymer derivative further comprises ananionic group.

The cationic non-guar galactomannan can have a ratio of mannose togalactose is greater than about 4:1, a molecular weight of about 50,000g/mol to about 1,000,000 g/mol, and/or from about 100,000 g/mol to about900,000 g/mol and a cationic charge density from about 1 meq/g to about5 meq/g, and/or from 2 meq/g to about 4 meq/g and can also be derivedfrom a cassia plant.

The hair care compositions can comprise at least about 0.05% of agalactomannan polymer derivative by weight of the composition,alternatively from about 0.05% to about 2%, by weight of thecomposition, of a galactomannan polymer derivative.

The hair care compositions can comprise water-soluble cationicallymodified starch polymers. As used herein, the term “cationicallymodified starch” refers to a starch to which a cationic group is addedprior to degradation of the starch to a smaller molecular weight, orwherein a cationic group is added after modification of the starch toachieve a desired molecular weight. The definition of the term“cationically modified starch” also includes amphoterically modifiedstarch. The term “amphoterically modified starch” refers to a starchhydrolysate to which a cationic group and an anionic group are added.

The hair care compositions can comprise cationically modified starchpolymers at a range of about 0.01% to about 10%, and/or from about 0.05%to about 5%, by weight of the composition.

The cationically modified starch polymers disclosed herein have apercent of bound nitrogen of from about 0.5% to about 4%.

The cationically modified starch polymers for use in the hair carecompositions can have a molecular weight about 50,000 g/mol to about1,000,000 g/mol and/or from about 100,000 g/mol to about 1,000,000g/mol.

The hair care compositions can include cationically modified starchpolymers which have a charge density of from about 0.2 meq/g to about 5meq/g, and/or from about 0.2 meq/g to about 2 meq/g. The chemicalmodification to obtain such a charge density includes, but is notlimited to, the addition of amino and/or ammonium groups into the starchmolecules. Non-limiting examples of these ammonium groups may includesubstituents such as hydroxypropyl trimmonium chloride,trimethylhydroxypropyl ammonium chloride, dimethylstearylhydroxypropylammonium chloride, and dimethyldodecylhydroxypropyl ammonium chloride.See Solarek, D. B., Cationic Starches in Modified Starches: Propertiesand Uses, Wurzburg, O. B., Ed., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Fla. 1986,pp 113-125. The cationic groups may be added to the starch prior todegradation to a smaller molecular weight or the cationic groups may beadded after such modification.

The cationically modified starch polymers generally have a degree ofsubstitution of a cationic group from about 0.2 to about 2.5. As usedherein, the “degree of substitution” of the cationically modified starchpolymers is an average measure of the number of hydroxyl groups on eachanhydroglucose unit which is derivatized by substituent groups. Sinceeach anhydroglucose unit has three potential hydroxyl groups availablefor substitution, the maximum possible degree of substitution is 3. Thedegree of substitution is expressed as the number of moles ofsubstituent groups per mole of anhydroglucose unit, on a molar averagebasis. The degree of substitution may be determined using proton nuclearmagnetic resonance spectroscopy (“.sup.1H NMR”) methods well known inthe art. Suitable .sup.1H NMR techniques include those described in“Observation on NMR Spectra of Starches in Dimethyl Sulfoxide,Iodine-Complexing, and Solvating in Water-Dimethyl Sulfoxide”, Qin-JiPeng and Arthur S. Perlin, Carbohydrate Research, 160 (1987), 57-72; and“An Approach to the Structural Analysis of Oligosaccharides by NMRSpectroscopy”, J. Howard Bradbury and J. Grant Collins, CarbohydrateResearch, 71, (1979), 15-25.

The source of starch before chemical modification can be chosen from avariety of sources such as tubers, legumes, cereal, and grains.Non-limiting examples of this source starch may include corn starch,wheat starch, rice starch, waxy corn starch, oat starch, cassava starch,waxy barley, waxy rice starch, glutenous rice starch, sweet rice starch,amioca, potato starch, tapioca starch, oat starch, sago starch, sweetrice, or mixtures thereof.

The cationically modified starch polymers can be selected from degradedcationic maize starch, cationic tapioca, cationic potato starch, andmixtures thereof. Alternatively, the cationically modified starchpolymers are cationic corn starch and cationic tapioca.

The starch, prior to degradation or after modification to a smallermolecular weight, may comprise one or more additional modifications. Forexample, these modifications may include cross-linking, stabilizationreactions, phosphorylations, and hydrolyzations. Stabilization reactionsmay include alkylation and esterification.

The cationically modified starch polymers may be incorporated into thecomposition in the form of hydrolyzed starch (e.g., acid, enzyme, oralkaline degradation), oxidized starch (e.g., peroxide, peracid,hypochlorite, alkaline, or any other oxidizing agent),physically/mechanically degraded starch (e.g., via the thermo-mechanicalenergy input of the processing equipment), or combinations thereof.

An optimal form of the starch is one which is readily soluble in waterand forms a substantially clear (% Transmittance.gtoreq.80 at 600 nm)solution in water. The transparency of the composition is measured byUltra-Violet/Visible (UV/VIS) spectrophotometry, which determines theabsorption or transmission of UV/VIS light by a sample, using a GretagMacbeth Colorimeter Color i 5 according to the related instructions. Alight wavelength of 600 nm has been shown to be adequate forcharacterizing the degree of clarity of cosmetic compositions.

Suitable cationically modified starch for use in hair care compositionsare available from known starch suppliers. Also suitable for use in haircare compositions are nonionic modified starch that can be furtherderivatized to a cationically modified starch as is known in the art.Other suitable modified starch starting materials may be quaternized, asis known in the art, to produce the cationically modified starch polymersuitable for use in hair care compositions.

Starch Degradation Procedure: a starch slurry can be prepared by mixinggranular starch in water. The temperature is raised to about 35° C. Anaqueous solution of potassium permanganate is then added at aconcentration of about 50 ppm based on starch. The pH is raised to about11.5 with sodium hydroxide and the slurry is stirred sufficiently toprevent settling of the starch. Then, about a 30% solution of hydrogenperoxide diluted in water is added to a level of about 1% of peroxidebased on starch. The pH of about 11.5 is then restored by addingadditional sodium hydroxide. The reaction is completed over about a 1 toabout 20 hour period. The mixture is then neutralized with dilutehydrochloric acid. The degraded starch is recovered by filtrationfollowed by washing and drying.

The hair care composition can comprise a cationic copolymer of anacrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer, wherein the copolymer has acharge density of from about 1.0 meq/g to about 3.0 meq/g. The cationiccopolymer can be a synthetic cationic copolymer of acrylamide monomersand cationic monomers.

The cationic copolymer can comprise:

-   -   (i) an acrylamide monomer of the following Formula AM:

-   -   where R⁹ is H or C₁₋₄ alkyl; and R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently        selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, CH₂OCH₃,        CH₂OCH₂CH(CH₃)₂, and phenyl, or together are C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;        and    -   (ii) a cationic monomer conforming to Formula CM:

where k=1, each of v, v′, and v″ is independently an integer of from 1to 6, w is zero or an integer of from 1 to 10, and X⁻ is an anion.

The cationic monomer can conform to Formula CM and where k=1, v=3 andw=0, z=1 and X⁻ is Cl⁻ to form the following structure:

The above structure may be referred to as diquat. Alternatively, thecationic monomer can conform to Formula CM and wherein v and v″ are each3, v′=1, w=1, y=1 and X⁻ is Cl⁻, such as:

The above structure may be referred to as triquat.

Suitable acrylamide monomer include, but are not limited to, eitheracrylamide or methacrylamide.

In an alternative, the cationic copolymer can be an acrylamide monomerand a cationic monomer, wherein the cationic monomer is selected fromthe group consisting of:

dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate,ditertiobutylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl(meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide; ethylenimine,vinylamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine; trimethylammonium ethyl(meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methylsulphate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride,4-benzoylbenzyl dimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamido chloride, trimethyl ammonium propyl(meth)acrylamido chloride, vinylbenzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride,diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

The cationic copolymer can comprise a cationic monomer selected from thegroup consisting of: cationic monomers include trimethylammonium ethyl(meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methylsulphate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride,4-benzoylbenzyl dimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamido chloride, trimethyl ammonium propyl(meth)acrylamido chloride, vinylbenzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, andmixtures thereof.

The cationic copolymer can be water-soluble. The cationic copolymer isformed from (1) copolymers of (meth)acrylamide and cationic monomersbased on (meth)acrylamide, and/or hydrolysis-stable cationic monomers,(2) terpolymers of (meth)acrylamide, monomers based on cationic(meth)acrylic acid esters, and monomers based on (meth)acrylamide,and/or hydrolysis-stable cationic monomers. Monomers based on cationic(meth)acrylic acid esters may be cationized esters of the (meth)acrylicacid containing a quaternized N atom.

The cationized esters of the (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternizedN atom can be quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates with C1 toC3 in the alkyl and alkylene groups. Suitable cationized esters of the(meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized N atom can be selected fromthe group consisting of: ammonium salts of dimethylaminomethyl(meth)acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl(meth)acrylate, diethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylate, diethylaminoethyl(meth)acrylate; and diethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate quaternized withmethyl chloride. The cationized esters can be the (meth)acrylic acidcontaining a quaternized N atom is dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, which isquaternized with an alkyl halide, or with methyl chloride or benzylchloride or dimethyl sulfate (ADAME-Quat). the cationic monomer whenbased on (meth)acrylamides can be quaternizeddialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamides with C1 to C3 in the alkyl andalkylene groups, or dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, which is quaternizedwith an alkyl halide, or methyl chloride or benzyl chloride or dimethylsulfate.

Suitable cationic monomer based on a (meth)acrylamide includequaternized dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide with C1 to C3 in the alkyland alkylene groups. The cationic monomer based on a (meth)acrylamidecan be dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, which is quaternized with an alkylhalide, especially methyl chloride or benzyl chloride or dimethylsulfate.

The cationic monomer can be a hydrolysis-stable cationic monomer.Hydrolysis-stable cationic monomers can be, in addition to adialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide, all monomers that can be regarded asstable to the OECD hydrolysis test. The cationic monomer can behydrolysis-stable and the hydrolysis-stable cationic monomer can beselected from the group consisting of: diallyldimethylammonium chlorideand water-soluble, cationic styrene derivatives.

The cationic copolymer can be a terpolymer of acrylamide,2-dimethylammoniumethyl (meth)acrylate quaternized with methyl chloride(ADAME-Q) and 3-dimethylammoniumpropyl(meth)acrylamide quaternized withmethyl chloride (DIMAPA-Q). The cationic copolymer can be formed fromacrylamide and acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, wherein theacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride has a charge density of fromabout 1.0 meq/g to about 3.0 meq/g.

The cationic copolymer can have a charge density of from about 1.1 meq/gto about 2.5 meq/g, or from about 1.1 meq/g to about 2.3 meq/g, or fromabout 1.2 meq/g to about 2.2 meq/g, or from about 1.2 meq/g to about 2.1meq/g, or from about 1.3 meq/g to about 2.0 meq/g, or from about 1.3meq/g to about 1.9 meq/g.

The cationic copolymer can have a molecular weight from about 10thousand g/mol to about 1 million g/mol, or from about 25 thousand g/molto about 1 million g/mol, or from about 50 thousand g/mol to about 1million g/mol, or from about 100 thousand g/mol to about 1.0 milliong/mol, or from about 150 thousand g/mol to about 1.0 million g/mol.

(a) Cationic Synthetic Polymers

The hair care composition can comprise a cationic synthetic polymer thatmay be formed from

i) one or more cationic monomer units, and optionally

ii) one or more monomer units bearing a negative charge, and/or

iii) a nonionic monomer,

wherein the subsequent charge of the copolymer is positive. The ratio ofthe three types of monomers is given by “m”, “p” and “q” where “m” isthe number of cationic monomers, “p” is the number of monomers bearing anegative charge and “q” is the number of nonionic monomers

The cationic polymers can be water soluble or dispersible,non-crosslinked, and synthetic cationic polymers having the followingstructure:

where A, may be one or more of the following cationic moieties:

where @=amido, alkylamido, ester, ether, alkyl or alkylaryl;where Y═C1-C22 alkyl, alkoxy, alkylidene, alkyl or aryloxy;where ψ=C1-C22 alkyl, alkyloxy, alkyl aryl or alkyl arylox;where Z═C₁-C₂₂ alkyl, alkyloxy, aryl or aryloxy;where R1=H, C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl;where s=0 or 1, n=0 or 1;where T and R7=C1-C22 alkyl; andwhere X—=halogen, hydroxide, alkoxide, sulfate or alkylsulfate.

Where the monomer bearing a negative charge is defined by R2′=H, C1-C4linear or branched alkyl and R3 as:

where D=O, N, or S;where Q=NH₂ or O;where u=1-6;where t=0-1; andwhere J=oxygenated functional group containing the following elements P,S, C.

Where the nonionic monomer is defined by R2″=H, C1-C4 linear or branchedalkyl, R6=linear or branched alkyl, alkyl aryl, aryl oxy, alkyloxy,alkylaryl oxy and β is defined as

andwhere G′ and G″ are, independently of one another, O, S or N—H and L=0or 1.

Examples of cationic monomers include aminoalkyl (meth)acrylates,(meth)aminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides; monomers comprising at least onesecondary, tertiary or quaternary amine function, or a heterocyclicgroup containing a nitrogen atom, vinylamine or ethylenimine;diallyldialkyl ammonium salts; their mixtures, their salts, andmacromonomers deriving from therefrom.

Further examples of cationic monomers include dimethylaminoethyl(meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate,ditertiobutylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl(meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, ethylenimine,vinylamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, trimethylammonium ethyl(meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methylsulphate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride,4-benzoylbenzyl dimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamido chloride, trimethyl ammonium propyl(meth)acrylamido chloride, vinylbenzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride,diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride.

Suitable cationic monomers include those which comprise a quaternaryammonium group of formula —NR₃ ⁺, wherein R, which is identical ordifferent, represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group comprising 1 to 10carbon atoms, or a benzyl group, optionally carrying a hydroxyl group,and comprise an anion (counter-ion). Examples of anions are halides suchas chlorides, bromides, sulphates, hydrosulphates, alkylsulphates (forexample comprising 1 to 6 carbon atoms), phosphates, citrates, formates,and acetates.

Suitable cationic monomers include trimethylammonium ethyl(meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methylsulphate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride,4-benzoylbenzyl dimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamido chloride, trimethyl ammonium propyl(meth)acrylamido chloride, vinylbenzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.

Additional suitable cationic monomers include trimethyl ammonium propyl(meth)acrylamido chloride.

Examples of monomers bearing a negative charge include alphaethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising a phosphate or phosphonategroup, alpha ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids,monoalkylesters of alpha ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids,monoalkylamides of alpha ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids,alpha ethylenically unsaturated compounds comprising a sulphonic acidgroup, and salts of alpha ethylenically unsaturated compounds comprisinga sulphonic acid group.

Suitable monomers with a negative charge include acrylic acid,methacrylic acid, vinyl sulphonic acid, salts of vinyl sulfonic acid,vinylbenzene sulphonic acid, salts of vinylbenzene sulphonic acid,alpha-acrylamidomethylpropanesulphonic acid, salts ofalpha-acrylamidomethylpropanesulphonic acid, 2-sulphoethyl methacrylate,salts of 2-sulphoethyl methacrylate, acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonicacid (AMPS), salts of acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid, andstyrenesulphonate (SS).

Examples of nonionic monomers include vinyl acetate, amides of alphaethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, esters of an alphaethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids with an hydrogenated orfluorinated alcohol, polyethylene oxide (meth)acrylate (i.e.polyethoxylated (meth)acrylic acid), monoalkylesters of alphaethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, monoalkylamides of alphaethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, vinyl nitriles, vinylamineamides, vinyl alcohol, vinyl pyrolidone, and vinyl aromatic compounds.

Suitable nonionic monomers include styrene, acrylamide, methacrylamide,acrylonitrile, methylacrylate, ethylacrylate, n-propylacrylate,n-butylacrylate, methylmethacrylate, ethylmethacrylate,n-propylmethacrylate, n-butylmethacrylate, 2-ethyl-hexyl acrylate,2-ethyl-hexyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethylacrylate and2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate.

The anionic counterion (X—) in association with the synthetic cationicpolymers may be any known counterion so long as the polymers remainsoluble or dispersible in water, in the hair care composition, or in acoacervate phase of the hair care composition, and so long as thecounterions are physically and chemically compatible with the essentialcomponents of the hair care composition or do not otherwise undulyimpair product performance, stability or aesthetics. Non limitingexamples of such counterions include halides (e.g., chlorine, fluorine,bromine, iodine), sulfate and methylsulfate.

The concentration of the cationic polymers ranges about 0.025% to about5%, from about 0.1% to about 3%, and/or from about 0.2% to about 1%, byweight of the hair care composition.

Suitable cationic cellulose polymers are salts of hydroxyethyl cellulosereacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in theindustry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10 and available from Dow/AmercholCorp. (Edison, N.J., USA) in their Polymer LR, JR, and KG series ofpolymers. Other suitable types of cationic cellulose include thepolymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reactedwith lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide referred to in theindustry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available fromDow/Amerchol Corp. under the tradename Polymer LM-200. Other suitabletypes of cationic cellulose include the polymeric quaternary ammoniumsalts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethylammonium-substituted epoxide and trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxidereferred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 67. These materialsare available from Dow/Amerchol Corp. under the tradename SoftCATPolymer SL-5, SoftCAT Polymer SL-30, Polymer SL-60, Polymer SL-100,Polymer SK-L, Polymer SK-M, Polymer SK-MH, and Polymer SK-H.

C. Viscosity Reducing Agents

The hair care composition described herein may comprise from about 0.1%to about 35%, alternatively from about 0.5% to about 30%, andalternatively from about 1% to about 25% of a viscosity reducing agent,by weight of the hair care composition. Non-limiting examples ofsuitable viscosity reducing agents include Class A materials, Class Bmaterials, water miscible solvents and mixtures thereof.

The hair care composition described herein may comprise from about 1% toabout 10%, alternatively from about 3.25% to about 9%, alternativelyfrom about 3.5% to about 8%, and alternatively from about 4% to about 7%of one or more viscosity reducing agents, by weight of the hair carecomposition.

The hair care composition described herein may have a liquid phaseviscosity of from about 1 centipoise to about 3,000 centipoise,alternatively from about 1 centipoise to about 2,500 centipoise,alternatively from about 1 centipoise to about 2,000 centipoise, andalternatively from about 5 centipoise to about 1,500 centipoise. Thehair composition viscosity values may be measured using a TA InstrumentsAR-G2 Rheometer with a concentric cylinder attachment at a shear rate of100 reciprocal seconds at 25° C.

The hair care composition described herein may have a viscosity of fromabout 10 cSt to about 500 cSt, alternatively from about 15 cSt to about400 cSt, alternatively from about 20 cSt to about 300 cSt, alternativelyfrom about 25 cSt to about 250 cSt, and alternatively from about 30 cStto about 250 cSt.

1. Class A Viscosity Reducing Agents

The Class A viscosity reducing agents may have a partition dispersioncoefficient of from about −3.1 to about −0.7, alternatively from about−3 to about −0.85, and alternatively from about −2.92 to about −0.92.The Class A viscosity reducing agents may have a partition dispersioncoefficient of from about −3 to about −1.9, alternatively from about−2.9 to about −2, wherein the one or more viscosity reducing agents hasat least 2 polar groups, or has 1 polar group and less than 5 acyclicspa hybridized carbon atoms that are connected to each other in acontiguous group. The Class A viscosity reducing agents may have apartition dispersion coefficient of from about −3 to about −1.9,alternatively from about −2.9 to about −2, wherein the one or moreviscosity reducing agents has 2 to 4 polar groups, or has 1 polar groupand 1 to 3 acyclic sp³ hybridized carbon atoms that are connected toeach other in a contiguous group. The Class A viscosity reducing agentsmay have a partition dispersion coefficient of from about −3 to about−1, alternatively from about −2.9 to about −2, wherein the one or moreviscosity reducing agents has 2 to 4 polar groups, or has 1 polar groupand 2 acyclic sp³ hybridized carbon atoms that are connected to eachother in a contiguous group. The Class A viscosity reducing agents mayprovide unexpected viscosity reduction when used in the hair carecomposition described herein.

The partition dispersion coefficient (PDC) is defined by the followingequation:

PDC=log P−0.3001*(δD)2+10.362*δD−93.251

wherein log P is the octanol water partitioning coefficient as computedby the Consensus algorithm implemented in ACD/Percepta version 14.02 byAdvanced Chemistry Development, Inc. (ACD/Labs, Toronto, Canada), andwherein δD is the Hansen solubility dispersion parameter in (MPa)1/2computed using Steven Abbott and Hiroshi Yamamoto's “HSPIP—HansenSolubility Parameters in Practice” program, 4th Edition, version 4.1.07.

The viscosity reducing agents may be organic compounds comprising 1polar group, alternatively at least 1 polar group, alternatively 2 to 4polar groups, and alternative alternatively at least 2 polar groups. Thepolar groups may be selected from the group consisting of alcohols,aldehydes, esters, lactones, coumarins, ethers, ketones, phenol, phenyl,oxides, alkenyl, alkynyl, and combinations thereof. The viscosityreducing agents may have a molecular weight of between 100 daltons and300 daltons, alternatively from about 125 daltons to about 300 daltons.Additionally, the viscosity reducing agents may have a water solubilityat between 23 and 25 degrees Celsius of from about 900 to 50,000 mg/L.

The viscosity reducing agents may be selected from the group consistingof raspberry ketone, triethyl citrate, 5-methyl-3-heptanone oxime,hydroxycitronellal, camphor gum, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2-hexenal,eucalyptol, 1,1-dimethoxyoctane, isobutyl hexanoate, dihydro isojasmonate, and combinations thereof. Alternatively, the viscosityreducing agents may be selected from the group consisting of raspberryketone, triethyl citrate, hydroxycitronellal, camphor gum, andcombinations thereof. Alternatively, the viscosity reducing agent may beselected from the group consisting of raspberry ketone, triethylcitrate, hydroxycitronellal, and combinations thereof.

2. Class B Viscosity Reducing Agents

The Class B viscosity reducing agents may have a partition dispersioncoefficient of from about 0.05 to about 5.1, alternatively from about0.08 to about 4.5, alternatively from about 0.09 to about 4.4,alternatively from about 0.05 to about 2.0, alternatively from about0.08 to about 1.8, alternatively from about 0.09 to about 1.7, andalternatively from about 0.095 to about 1.68. The Class B viscosityreducing agents may provide unexpected viscosity reduction when used inthe hair care composition described herein.

The partition dispersion coefficient (PDC) is defined by the followingequation:

PDC=log P−0.3001*(δD)²+10.362*δD−93.251

wherein log P is the octanol water partitioning coefficient as computedby the Consensus algorithm implemented in ACD/Percepta version 14.02 byAdvanced Chemistry Development, Inc. (ACD/Labs, Toronto, Canada), andwherein δD is the Hansen solubility dispersion parameter in (MPa)^(1/2)computed using Steven Abbott and Hiroshi Yamamoto's “HSPIP—HansenSolubility Parameters in Practice” program, 4th Edition, version 4.1.07.

The viscosity reducing agents may be organic compounds comprising 1polar group, alternatively at least 1 polar group, alternatively 2 to 4polar groups, and alternative alternatively at least 2 polar groups. Thepolar groups may be selected from the group consisting of alcohols,aldehydes, esters, lactones, coumarins, ethers, ketones, phenol, phenyl,oxides, alkenyl, alkynyl, and combinations thereof. The viscosityreducing agents may have a molecular weight of between 100 daltons and300 daltons, alternatively from about 125 daltons to about 300 daltons.Additionally, the viscosity reducing agents may have a water solubilityat between 23 and 25 degrees Celsius of from about 10 to 900 mg/L.

The Class B viscosity reducing agents may be selected from the groupconsisting of veloutone, isoamyl salicylate, gamma-terpinene, linalyliso butyrate, alpha-terpinene, limonene, dipentene, geranyl phenylacetate, iso propyl myristate, hexadecane, and combinations thereof.Alternatively, the Class B viscosity reducing agents may be selectedfrom the group consisting of veloutone, gamma-terpinene, linalyl isobutyrate, alpha-terpinene, limonene, dipentene, geranyl phenyl acetate,iso propyl myristate, hexadecane, and combinations thereof.Alternatively, the Class B viscosity reducing agents may be selectedfrom the group consisting of veloutone, isoamyl salicylate,gamma-terpinene, linalyl iso butyrate, alpha-terpinene, limonene,dipentene, geranyl phenyl acetate, and combinations thereof.

3. Water Miscible Solvents

The compositions can include water miscible glycols and other diols.Non-limiting examples include dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol,diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin,1,3-propane diol, 2,2-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol,1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, and mixturesthereof. The hair care composition may comprise two or more watermiscible solvents, wherein at least one of the solvents is dipropyleneglycol.

D. Propellant

The hair care composition described herein may comprise from about fromabout 1% to about 10% propellant, alternatively from about 2% to about8% propellant, alternatively from about 2.5% to about 7% propellant, andalternatively from about 3% to about 6% propellant by weight of the haircare composition.

The propellant may comprise one or more volatile materials, which in agaseous state, may carry the other components of the hair carecomposition in particulate or droplet form. The propellant may have aboiling point within the range of from about −45° C. to about 5° C. Thepropellant may be liquefied when packaged in convention aerosolcontainers under pressure. The rapid boiling of the propellant uponleaving the aerosol foam dispenser may aid in the atomization of theother components of the hair care composition.

Aerosol propellants which may be employed in the aerosol composition mayinclude the chemically-inert hydrocarbons such as propane, n-butane,isobutane, cyclopropane, and mixtures thereof, as well as halogenatedhydrocarbons such as dichlorodifluoromethane,1,1-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane,1-chloro-1,1-difluoro-2,2-trifluoroethane,1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethylene, 1,1-difluoroethane, dimethyl ether,monochlorodifluoromethane, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, andmixtures thereof. The propellant may comprise hydrocarbons such asisobutane, propane, and butane—these materials may be used for their lowozone reactivity and may be used as individual components where theirvapor pressures at 21.1° C. range from about 1.17 Bar to about 7.45 Bar,alternatively from about 1.17 Bar to about 4.83 Bar, and alternativelyfrom about 2.14 Bar to about 3.79 Bar.

E. Optional Ingredients

The hair care composition may further comprise one or more optionalingredients, including benefit agents Suitable benefit agents include,but are not limited to conditioning agents, cationic polymers siliconeemulsions, anti-dandruff actives, gel networks, chelating agents, and,natural oils such as sun flower oil or castor oil. Additional suitableoptional ingredients include but are not limited to perfumes, perfumemicrocapsules, colorants, particles, anti-microbials, foam busters,anti-static agents, rheology modifiers and thickeners, suspensionmaterials and structurants, pH adjusting agents and buffers,preservatives, pearlescent agents, solvents, diluents, anti-oxidants,vitamins and combinations thereof.

Such optional ingredients should be physically and chemically compatiblewith the components of the composition, and should not otherwise undulyimpair product stability, aesthetics, or performance. The CTFA CosmeticIngredient Handbook, Tenth Edition (published by the Cosmetic, Toiletry,and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington, D.C.) (2004) (hereinafter“CTFA”), describes a wide variety of nonlimiting materials that can beadded to the composition herein.

1. Conditioning Agents

The conditioning agent of the hair care compositions can be a siliconeconditioning agent. The silicone conditioning agent may comprisevolatile silicone, non-volatile silicone, or combinations thereof. Theconcentration of the silicone conditioning agent typically ranges fromabout 0.01% to about 10%, by weight of the composition, from about 0.1%to about 8%, from about 0.1% to about 5%, and/or from about 0.2% toabout 3%. Non-limiting examples of suitable silicone conditioningagents, and optional suspending agents for the silicone, are describedin U.S. Reissue Pat. No. 34,584, U.S. Pat. No. 5,104,646, and U.S. Pat.No. 5,106,609, which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.

The hair care composition can comprise from about 0.01% to about 4%,alternatively from about 0.5% to about 3.5%, alternatively from about0.5% to about 3% by weight of the hair care composition, of one or moresilicone emulsions, wherein the silicone emulsion has a particle size ofless than about 10 microns.

Suitable silicone emulsions can be selected from the group consisting ofdimethiconol/dimethicone, silicone quaternium-22, siliconequaternium-17, silicone quaternium-80 micro-emulsion, and mixturesthereof.

The silicone conditioning agents suitable for use in the hair carecompositions can have a viscosity, as measured at 25° C., from about 20to about 2,000,000 centistokes (“csk”), from about 1,000 to about1,800,000 csk, from about 50,000 to about 1,500,000 csk, and/or fromabout 100,000 to about 1,500,000 csk.

The dispersed silicone conditioning agent particles typically have avolume average particle diameter ranging from about 0.01 micrometer toabout 10 micrometer. For small particle application to hair, the volumeaverage particle diameters typically range from about 0.01 micrometer toabout 4 micrometer, from about 0.01 micrometer to about 2 micrometer,from about 0.01 micrometer to about 0.5 micrometer.

Additional material on silicones including sections discussing siliconefluids, gums, and resins, as well as manufacture of silicones, are foundin Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, vol. 15, 2d ed., pp204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1989), incorporated herein byreference.

Silicone emulsions suitable for suitable for use include, but are notlimited to, emulsions of insoluble polysiloxanes prepared in accordancewith the descriptions provided in U.S. Pat. No. 4,476,282 and U.S.Patent Application Publication No. 2007/0276087. Accordingly, suitableinsoluble polysiloxanes include polysiloxanes such as alpha, omegahydroxy-terminated polysiloxanes or alpha, omega alkoxy-terminatedpolysiloxanes having a molecular weight within the range from about50,000 to about 500,000 g/mol. The insoluble polysiloxane can have anaverage molecular weight within the range from about 50,000 to about500,000 g/mol. For example, the insoluble polysiloxane may have anaverage molecular weight within the range from about 60,000 to about400,000; from about 75,000 to about 300,000; from about 100,000 to about200,000; or the average molecular weight may be about 150,000 g/mol. Theinsoluble polysiloxane can have an average particle size within therange from about 30 nm to about 10 micron. The average particle size maybe within the range from about 40 nm to about 5 micron, from about 50 nmto about 1 micron, from about 75 nm to about 500 nm, or about 100 nm,for example.

The average molecular weight of the insoluble polysiloxane, theviscosity of the silicone emulsion, and the size of the particlecomprising the insoluble polysiloxane are determined by methods commonlyused by those skilled in the art, such as the methods disclosed inSmith, A. L. The Analytical Chemistry of Silicones, John Wiley & Sons,Inc.: New York, 1991. For example, the viscosity of the siliconeemulsion can be measured at 30° C. with a Brookfield viscometer withspindle 6 at 2.5 rpm. The silicone emulsion may further include anadditional emulsifier together with the anionic surfactant,

Other classes of silicones suitable for use in compositions include butare not limited to: i) silicone fluids, including but not limited to,silicone oils, which are flowable materials having viscosity less thanabout 1,000,000 csk as measured at 25° C.; ii) aminosilicones, whichcontain at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amine; iii) cationicsilicones, which contain at least one quaternary ammonium functionalgroup; iv) silicone gums; which include materials having viscositygreater or equal to 1,000,000 csk as measured at 25° C.; v) siliconeresins, which include highly cross-linked polymeric siloxane systems;vi) high refractive index silicones, having refractive index of at least1.46, and vii) mixtures thereof.

The conditioning agent of the hair care compositions may also compriseat least one organic conditioning material such as oil or wax, eitheralone or in combination with other conditioning agents, such as thesilicones described above. The organic material can be non-polymeric,oligomeric or polymeric. It may be in the form of oil or wax and may beadded in the formulation neat or in a pre-emulsified form. Somenon-limiting examples of organic conditioning materials include, but arenot limited to: i) hydrocarbon oils; ii) polyolefins, iii) fatty esters,iv) fluorinated conditioning compounds, v) fatty alcohols, vi) alkylglucosides and alkyl glucoside derivatives; vii) quaternary ammoniumcompounds; viii) polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having amolecular weight of up to about 2,000,000 including those with CTFAnames PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-1000, PEG-2M, PEG-7M, PEG-14M,PEG-45M and mixtures thereof.

2. Emulsifiers

A variety of anionic and nonionic emulsifiers can be used in the haircare compositions. The anionic and nonionic emulsifiers can be eithermonomeric or polymeric in nature. Monomeric examples include, by way ofillustrating and not limitation, alkyl ethoxylates, alkyl sulfates,soaps, and fatty esters and their derivatives. Polymeric examplesinclude, by way of illustrating and not limitation, polyacrylates,polyethylene glycols, and block copolymers and their derivatives.Naturally occurring emulsifiers such as lanolins, lecithin and ligninand their derivatives are also non-limiting examples of usefulemulsifiers.

3. Chelating Agents

The hair care composition can also comprise a chelant. Suitable chelantsinclude those listed in A E Martell & R M Smith, Critical StabilityConstants, Vol. 1, Plenum Press, New York & London (1974) and A EMartell & R D Hancock, Metal Complexes in Aqueous Solution, PlenumPress, New York & London (1996) both incorporated herein by reference.When related to chelants, the term “salts and derivatives thereof” meansthe salts and derivatives comprising the same functional structure(e.g., same chemical backbone) as the chelant they are referring to andthat have similar or better chelating properties. This term includealkali metal, alkaline earth, ammonium, substituted ammonium (i.e.monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium) salts,esters of chelants having an acidic moiety and mixtures thereof, inparticular all sodium, potassium or ammonium salts. The term“derivatives” also includes “chelating surfactant” compounds, such asthose exemplified in U.S. Pat. No. 5,284,972, and large moleculescomprising one or more chelating groups having the same functionalstructure as the parent chelants, such as polymeric EDDS(ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid) disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,747,440.

Levels of the EDDS chelant in the hair care compositions can be as lowas about 0.01 wt % or even as high as about 10 wt %, but above thehigher level (i.e., 10 wt %) formulation and/or human safety concernsmay arise. The level of the EDDS chelant may be at least about 0.05 wt%, at least about 0.1 wt %, at least about 0.25 wt %, at least about 0.5wt %, at least about 1 wt %, or at least about 2 wt % by weight of thehair care composition. Levels above about 4 wt % can be used but may notresult in additional benefit.

4. Anti-Dandruff Actives

Anti-dandruff agents suitable for use in hair care compositions includepyridinethione salts, azoles (e.g., ketoconazole, econazole, andelubiol), selenium sulfide, particulate sulfur, salicylic acid, andmixtures thereof. A typical anti-dandruff agent is pyridinethione salt.Hair care compositions can also include a zinc-containing layeredmaterial. An example of a zinc-containing layered material can includezinc carbonate materials. Of these, zinc carbonate and pyridinethionesalts (particularly zinc pyridinethione or “ZPT) are common in thecomposition, and often present together.

5. Aqueous Carrier

The hair care compositions can be in the form of pourable liquids (underambient conditions). Such compositions will therefore typically comprisea carrier, which is present at a level of from about 40% to about 80%,alternatively from about 45% to about 75%, alternatively from about 50%to about 70% by weight of the hair care composition. The carrier maycomprise water, or a miscible mixture of water and organic solvent, andin one aspect may comprise water with minimal or no significantconcentrations of organic solvent, except as otherwise incidentallyincorporated into the composition as minor ingredients of otheressential or optional components.

Carriers useful in the hair care compositions include water and watersolutions of lower alkyl alcohols and polyhydric alcohols. The loweralkyl alcohols useful herein are monohydric alcohols having 1 to 6carbons, in one aspect, ethanol and isopropanol. Exemplary polyhydricalcohols useful herein include propylene glycol, hexylene glycol,glycerin, and propane diol.

Aerosol Foam Dispenser

The aerosol foam dispenser may comprise a reservoir for holding the hairtreatment composition. The reservoir may be made out of any suitablematerial selected from the group consisting of plastic, metal, alloy,laminate, and combinations thereof. The reservoir may be for one-timeuse. The reservoir may be removable from the aerosol foam dispenser.Alternatively, the reservoir may be integrated with the aerosol foamdispenser. There may be two or more reservoirs.

The reservoir may be comprised of a material selected from the groupconsisting of rigid materials, flexible materials, and combinationsthereof. The reservoir may be comprised of a rigid material if it doesnot collapse under external atmospheric pressure when it is subject toan interior partial vacuum.

Product Form

The hair care compositions may be presented in typical hair careformulations. They may be in the form of solutions, dispersion,emulsions, powders, talcs, encapsulated, spheres, spongers, solid dosageforms, foams, and other delivery mechanisms. The compositions may behair tonics, leave-on hair products such as treatment, and stylingproducts, rinse-off hair products such as shampoos and personalcleansing products, and treatment products; and any other form that maybe applied to hair.

The hair care composition in the form of a foam can have a density offrom about 0.025 g/cm³ to about 0.30 g/cm³, alternatively from about0.05 g/cm³ to about 0.20 g/cm³, and alternatively from about 0.075 g/cm³to about 0.15 g/cm³.

Test Methods

A. Cone/Plate Viscosity Measurement:

The viscosities of the examples are measured by a Cone/Plate ControlledStress Brookfield Rheometer R/S Plus, by Brookfield EngineeringLaboratories, Stoughton, Mass. The cone used (Spindle C-75-1) has adiameter of 75 mm and 1° angle. The viscosity is determined using asteady state flow experiment at constant shear rate of 2 s⁻¹ and attemperature of 26.5° C. The sample size is 2.5 ml and the totalmeasurement reading time is 3 minutes.

B. cSt Viscosity Method

The hair care composition has a viscosity of from about 10 cSt to about500 cSt, alternatively from about 15 cSt to about 400 cSt, alternativelyfrom about 20 cSt to about 300 cSt, alternatively from about 25 cSt toabout 250 cSt, and alternatively from about 30 cSt to about 250 cSt.

The cSt viscosity of the hair care composition is calculated using thefollowing method:

Combine ingredients including surfactants, perfumes, viscosity reducingagents, polymers, other ingredients and the aqueous medium in a vessel.Samples are vortexed and placed into oven at 60° C. overnight to form ahomogeneous solution. Samples that show hazing or clouding and formulasthat appear macroscopically heterogeneous (e.g. multiple layers) at roomtemperature are not considered for further analysis and evaluation.

The cSt viscosities of the formulations are measured with calibratedviscometers (Size 200/350/450) from Cannon Instrument Company (2139 HighTech Road, State College, Pa., USA, 16803). Prior to the measurement,the formulations are equilibrated in the viscometer reservoir for 30 minat 40° C. in water bath to ensure a homogeneous temperature is reachedin the system.

After the equilibration, the formulations are drawn to reach thestarting mark with a rubber suction bulb and the flow time between thestarting mark and end mark is recorded for calculation. Each formulationis measured three times to calculate average and standard deviation.Between samples, the viscometer is cleaned with water and acetone torinse off residual.

cSt Viscosities are Calculated Based on the Equation:

Viscosity(mm²/s.(cSt))=Time(s)*Constant(mm²/s².(CSt/s))

The time in the above equation is the flow time recorded in theexperiment and the constants for each calibrated viscometer are obtainedfrom the manuals.

C. Hair Wet Feel Friction Measurement:

A switch of 4 grams general population hair at 8 inches length is usedfor the measurement. Water temperature is set at 100° F., hardness is 7grain per gallon, and flow rate is 1.6 liter per minute. For shampoos inliquid form, 0.2 ml of a liquid shampoo is applied on the hair switch ina zigzag pattern uniformly to cover the entire hair length, using asyringe. For shampoo in aerosol foam form, foam is dispensed to aweighing pan through an aluminum can of 53×190 mm size from CCLcontainer. 0.2 gram of foam shampoo is applied on the hair switchuniformly to cover the entire hair length via a spatula. The hair switchis then 1st lathered for 30 seconds, rinse with water for 30 seconds,and 2nd lathered for 30 seconds. Water flow rate is then reduced to 0.2liter per minute. The hair switch is sandwiched with a clamp under 1200gram of force and pulled through the entire length while the water isrunning at the low flow rate. The pull time is 30 second. Friction ismeasured with a Friction analyzer with a load cell of 5 kg. Repeat thepull under rinse for total of 21 times. Total 21 Friction values arecollected. The hair wet Feel Friction of shampoo reported here is thefinal rinse friction which is the average friction of the last 7 points.

D. Hair Dry Feel Friction Measurement

The shampooed and rinsed hair switch is air dried and placed betweenartificial skin surrogates. Dry feel friction (peak sum−static friction)is measured using a Texture Analyzer by applying a constant pressure of60 psi to rub the hair switch a forward and reverse direction.

EXAMPLES

The following examples illustrate embodiments of the invention describedherein. The exemplified hair care compositions may be made byconventional formulation and mixing techniques or by mixing togetherwater and surfactants along with any solids that need to be melted at anelevated temperature, e.g. about 75° C. The ingredients are mixedthoroughly at the elevated temperature and then cooled to ambienttemperature. Additional ingredients, including electrolytes, polymers,silicone emulsions, preservatives and fragrances may be added to thecooled product. It will be appreciated that other modifications of thehair care compositions, and/or conditioner compositions within the skillof those in the formulation art can be undertaken without departing fromthe spirit and scope of this invention. All parts, percentages, andratios herein are by weight unless otherwise specified. Some componentsmay come from suppliers as dilute solutions. The amount stated reflectsthe weight percent of the active material, unless otherwise specified.

The following are non-limiting examples of Hair Care compositionsdescribed herein.

TABLE 2 Examples and results of hair care compositions Ingredient Ex1Ex2 Ex3 Ex4 Ex5 Ex6 Wet Feel Friction 2105 1911 1327 Dry Feel Friction1852 1852 1526 Bulk Viscosity (cps) Phase 395 773 839 919 460 separationWater q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLE1S- 15 1515 15 24 15 70% active) 1 Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLE1S- 9 9 9 9 — 9 26%active) 2 Cocoamdopropyl Betaine (CAPB 4 4 4 4 4 4 30% active) 3 Cocomonoethanolamide — — — — — — (CMEA 85% active)4 Lauryl Hydroxysultaine(LHS 4 4 4 4 4 4 42.5% active) 5 Dipropylene Glycol — 10 10 7.5 10 10Guar, Hydroxylpropyl — — 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Trimonium Chloride, Jaguar C-5007 Polyquatenrium 9 — — — — — 0.2 Silicone DM550010 — — — — — —Silicone quaternium 11 — — — — — 2 Fragrance 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4Sodium Chloride 12 Adjust as needed for viscosity Preservatives, pHadjusters Up to 1%

TABLE 3 Examples and results of hair care compositions Ingredient Ex7Ex8 Ex9 Ex10 Ex11 Ex12 Ex13 Bulk Viscosity (cps) Phase 6652 751 1073 662582 1062 separation Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. SodiumLaureth Sulfate 15 26 18.2 26 18.2 18.2 18.2 (SLE1S-70% active) 1 SodiumLaureth Sulfate 9 — 7.8 — 7.8 7.8 7.8 (SLE1S-26% active) 2Cocoamdopropyl Betaine 4 8 4 4 4 4 4 (CAPB 30% active)3 LaurylHydroxysultaine (LHS 4 — 4 4 4 4 4 42.5% active)5 Dipropylene Glycol 1010 10 10 10 10 10 Guar, Hydroxylpropyl — 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4Trimonium Chloride, Jaguar C-5007 Guar, Hydroxylpropyl 0.4 — — — — — —Trimonium Chloride, N- Hance 31968 Polyquatenrium 9 — — — — 0.2 — —Silicone DM550010 — — — — — — 2 Silicone quaternium 11 — — — — 2 2 —Fragrance 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 Sodium Chloride 12 Adjust asneeded for viscosity Preservatives, pH adjusters Up to 1%

TABLE 4 Examples of Aerosol Foam hair care compositions (Linear AnionicSurfactant) Ingredient Ex14 Ex15 Ex16 Ex17 Ex18 Ex19 Bulk Viscosity(cps) 773 839 919 919 460 1000 Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.Sodium Laureth Sulfate 15 15 24 24 15 5 (SLE1S-70% active) 1 SodiumLaureth Sulfate 9 9 — — 9 19.1 (SLE1S-26% active) 2 CocoamdopropylBetaine 4 4 4 4 4 — (CAPB 30% active) 3 Coco monoethanolamide — — — — —2.3 (CMEA 85% active) 4 Lauryl Hydroxysultaine 4 4 4 4 4 3.6 (LHS 42.5%active) 5 Para- — — — — — 5 hydroxyphenylbutanone 6 Dipropylene Glycol10 7.5 10 10 10 — Guar, Hydroxylpropyl 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 — TrimoniumChloride, Jaguar C-5007 Polyquatenrium 9 — — — — 0.2 — Siliconequaternium 11 — — — — 2 — Fragrance 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 1.6 SodiumChloride 12 Adjust as needed for viscosity Preservatives, pH adjustersUp to 1% Propellant A4613 4 4 4 — 4 4 Propellant A7014 — — 4 — —

TABLE 5 Examples of Aerosol Foam hair care compositions (Linear AnionicSurfactant) Ingredient Ex20 Ex21 Ex22 Ex23 Ex24 Bulk Viscosity (cps) 7511073 662 582 1062 Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. Sodium Laureth Sulfate(SLE1S- 18.2 26 18.2 18.2 18.2 70% active) 1 Sodium Laureth Sulfate(SLE1S- 7.8 — 7.8 7.8 7.8 26% active) 2 Cocoamdopropyl Betaine 4 4 4 4 4(CAPB 30% active) 3 Lauryl Hydroxysultaine (LHS 4 4 4 4 4 42.5% active)5 Dipropylene Glycol 10 10 10 10 10 Guar, Hydroxylpropyl 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.40.4 Trimonium Chloride, Jaguar C- 5007 Polyquatenrium9 — — 0.2 — —Silicone DM550010 — — — — 2 Silicone quaternium11 — — 2 2 — Fragrance2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 Sodium Chloride12 Adjust as needed for viscosityPreservatives, pH adjusters Up to 1% Propellant A4613 4 4 4 4 4

TABLE 6 Examples and Results Ingredient Ex24 Ex25 Ex26 Ex27 Ex28 Ex29Bulk Viscosity (cps) 393 800 500 393 800 500 Water q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s.q.s. q.s. Sodium Laureth Sulfate 20 20 16 20 20 16 (SLE1S-70% active)¹Coco monoethanolamide — — 1 — — 1 (CMEA 85% active)⁴ SodiumLauroamphoacetate 10 10 8 10 10 8 (NaLaa 22% active)⁶ Para-hydroxyphenyl3 — 3 3 — 3 butanone⁷ Dipropylene Glycol 5 10 5 5 10 5 Guar,Hydroxylpropyl 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Trimonium Chloride, Jaguar C-500⁸Fragrance 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 Sodium Chloride¹³ Adjust as needed forviscosity Preservatives, pH adjusters Up to 1% Propellant A46¹⁴ — — — 44 4 ¹Sodium Laureth (1 molar ethylene oxide) sulfate at 70% active,supplier: Stephan Co ²Sodium Laureth (1 molar ethylene oxide) sulfate at26% active, supplier: P&G ³Tegobetaine F-B, 30% active, supplier:Goldschmidt Chemical ⁴Coco monethanolamide at 85% active, supplier:Stephan Co or supplier Evonik ⁵LHS (Mackam LHS) at 42.5% active level,supplier: Rhodia ⁶Raspberry Ketone, supplier: Spectrum ⁷Jaguar C500, MWof 500,000, CD of 0.8, from Rhodia ⁸N-Hance 3196, MW of 1, 100,000, CDof 0.8, from Ashland ⁹Polydadmac, trade name: Mirapol 100s, from Rhodia¹⁰Silicone emulsion, 42% active, from Wacker ¹¹Silicone quaterniummicro-emulsion, 30% active, Abil ME 45, from Evonik ¹²Sodium ChlorideUSP (food grade) from Morton ¹³Aeron A-Blends, A46 (Isobutane/Propaneratio = 84.85/15.15) from Diversified CPC International ¹⁴AeronA-Blends, A70 (Isobutane/Propane ratio = 57.11/42.89) from DiversifiedCPC International

What is claimed is:
 1. A hair care composition comprising: a. asurfactant system comprising: i) from about 10% to about 40% of one ormore anionic surfactants; ii) from about 1% to about 15% of one or morezwitterionic co-surfactants; wherein about 1% or more of thezwitterionic co-surfactants comprises a zwitterionic surfactant having ahydroxyl group in its molecular structure selected from the groupconsisting of: a. alkyl amphoacetates

where R is C₆-C₂₄ alkyl (saturated or unsaturated) or mixtures thereofand M⁺ is monovalent cation; b. alkyl amphopropionates

where RCO=C₆-C₂₄ acyl (saturated or unsaturated) or mixtures thereof andM⁺═monovalent cation; and mixtures thereof; wherein the hair carecomposition has a viscosity of from about 1 centipoise to about 3,000centipoise.
 2. The hair care composition of claim 1, wherein the anionicsurfactant is selected from the group consisting of sodium laurylsulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, and combinations thereof.
 3. The haircare composition of claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is selectedfrom the group consisting of sodium laureth sulfate (where R is C₁₂alkyl and M⁺ is Nat n=1-3), ammonium laureth sulfate (where R is C₁₂alkyl, M⁺ is NH₃ ⁺, n=1-3), sodium trideceth sulfate (where R is C₁₃alkyl, M⁺ is Na⁺, and n=1-4); and mixtures thereof.
 4. The compositionof claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactants are selected from the groupconsisting of: a. alkyl sulfates

where R is C₈-C₂₄ alkyl (linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated)or mixtures thereof and M⁺ is monovalent cation, wherein the alkylsulfate is selected from the group consisting of Sodium lauryl sulfate(where R is C₁₂ alkyl and M⁺ is Na⁺), ammonium lauryl sulfate (where Ris C₁₂ alkyl and M⁺ is NH₃ ⁺), sodium coco-sulfate (where R is coconutalkyl and M⁺ is Na⁺) and mixtures thereof; b. alkyl ether sulfates

where R is C₈-C₂₄ alkyl (linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated)or mixtures thereof, n=1-12, and M⁺ is monovalent cation; and mixturethereof.
 5. The hair care composition of claim 1, wherein thecomposition is a foam having a density of from about 0.025 g/cm³ toabout 0.30 g/cm³.
 6. The hair care composition of claim 1, furthercomprising a second zwitterionic co-surfactant selected from the groupconsisting of cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, cocamidemonoethanolamine, lauryl hydroxysultaine, sodium lauroamphoacetate, andmixtures thereof.
 7. The hair care composition of claim 1, wherein theanionic surfactant is sodium laureth sulfate with an average of one moleethoxylate.
 8. The hair care composition of claim 1, wherein theconcentration of the zwitterionic surfactant having a hydroxyl group intheir molecular structure is from about 2% to 14% by weight.
 9. The haircare composition of claim 1, further comprising from 0.01% to about 4%of one or more silicone emulsion, wherein said silicone has a particlesize less than about 10 micrometers.
 10. The hair care composition ofclaim 1, further comprising from about 0.05% to about 1% by weight ofone or more cationic polymers has a weight average molecular weight ofless than about 1.0 million g/mol.
 11. The hair care composition ofclaim 10, wherein the cationic polymer is selected from the groupconsisting of guar hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride, Polyquaternium-10,Polyquaterinum-6, and combinations thereof.
 12. The hair carecomposition of claim 11, having from about 0.1% to about 0.8% by weightof a cationic polymer.
 13. The hair care composition of claim 1,comprising from about 15% to about 36% by weight of an anionicsurfactant.
 14. The hair care composition of claim 1, comprising fromabout 2% to about 14% by weight of a co-surfactant.
 15. The hair carecomposition of claim 1, further comprising from about 0.5% to about 30%by weight of a viscosity reducing agent.
 16. The hair care compositionof claim 1, wherein the viscosity is from about 1 to about 2,500 cps.17. The hair care composition of claim 1, further comprising ananti-dandruff active.
 18. The hair care composition of claim 1, furthercomprising from about 1% to about 10% by weight of a propellant.
 19. Ahair care composition comprising a surfactant system comprising: a. fromabout 10% to about 40% of one or more anionic surfactants wherein theanionic surfactants are selected from the group consisting of: i. alkylsulfates

where R is C₈-C₂₄ alkyl (linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated)or mixtures thereof and M⁺ is monovalent cation, wherein the alkylsulfate is selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl sulfate(where R is C₁₂ alkyl and M⁺ is Na⁺), ammonium lauryl sulfate (where Ris C₁₂ alkyl and M⁺ is NH₃ ⁺), sodium coco-sulfate (where R is coconutalkyl and M⁺ is Na⁺) and mixtures thereof; ii. alkyl ether sulfates

where R is C₈-C₂₄ alkyl (linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated)or mixtures thereof, n=1-12, and M⁺ is monovalent cation; and mixturethereof; b. from about 1% to about 15% of one or more zwitterionicco-surfactants; wherein about 1% or more are zwitterionic surfactantsselected from the group consisting of: i. alkyl amphoacetates

where R is C₆-C₂₄ alkyl (saturated or unsaturated) or mixtures thereofand M⁺ is monovalent cation; ii. alkyl amphopropionates

where RCO=C₆-C₂₄ acyl (saturated or unsaturated) or mixtures thereof andM⁺=monovalent cation; and mixtures thereof; wherein the hair carecomposition has a viscosity of from about 1 centipoise to about 3,000centipoise.
 20. The hair care composition of claim 19, furthercomprising from about 2% to about 8% by weight of a propellant.